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Reactionary Homophobia

Unfortunately, quickly following many of the steps forward for the queer community was homophobia - which often became violent. Below are a few examples of the rampant homophobia in the 1970s, which, unfortunately, also laid the groundwork for contemporary anti-gay and anti-trans movements.

Anita Bryant in Dade County, Florida

In January 1977, Dade County expanded its anti-discrimination ordinance to include the LGBT community. In response, Anita Bryant - a singer, pageant star, and citrus industry spokesperson - led a campaign to repeal the ordinance. After her campaign against the ordinance, voters agreed to repeal it by a huge margin - 69% to 31%. This campaign, called Save Our Children, argued that gay people were "trying to recruit our children into homosexuality." She morally equated homosexuality with murder, among other crimes. Anita Bryant essentially wrote the playbook anti-gay and anti-trans groups use today - arguing that the LGBT community wants to turn more children gay and trans, and that granting rights to queer folks is a slippery slope that leads to complete moral degeneracy. In 18 states, adoption and foster care agencies can still legally discriminate against gay couples based on this perception that gay people are predators.

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The Upstairs Lounge Fire

The Metropolitan Community Church of New Orleans - a denomination founded to be explicitly welcoming to the gay community - used the UpStairs Lounge, a gay bar on the second floor of the building, as its meeting place. During one of their meetings in 1973, an arsonist doused the stairs to the lounge in lighter fluid and set the building on fire. Due to safety measures in the clubs, liked barred windows, many were unable to escape, and, ultimately, 32 people lost their lives. It was the deadliest mass murder in a gay club until the Pulse Nightclub shooting. If it were to be classified as a house of worship - as it was being used as one - it would be the deadliest attack on a house of worship ever in the United States. Despite the horrific deaths, only gay media thoroughly covered the massacre. Many churches refused to hold funerals for the victims because they were gay. Two of the victims of the fire still have not been identified since many attended these meetings in secret. Many suspected that a gay man who had been kicked out of the bar earlier started the fire, but he was never arrested, and has since taken his own life. Whether a gay man started the fire or not, this incident left an indelible imprint on the queer community. At any point, they could be brutally murdered, few would care, and they would likely never receive justice.

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To understand The International Stud, it is vital to understand the homophobia these characters endured - both the homophobia that was structured into their daily lives through a lack of legal protections and acute incidents like the UpStairs Lounge Fire that reminded them how little their lives were worth to mainstream society. Though we can hear echoes of these movements today, we can also appreciate how society has progressed. 

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